Electricity as a pillar of human progress: history, science and technology

Abstract

Today, modern societies benefit greatly from scientific and technological advances linked to the discovery and exploitation of the phenomenon of electricity, an achievement made possible thanks to the work and contributions of numerous researchers throughout history. This resource constitutes an essential element in daily life, as it enables the operation of a wide variety of devices and systems that facilitate human activities in different contexts, such as homes, industry, commerce, and communications. However, the indiscriminate use of electricity generates an increased demand for natural resources, primarily fossil fuels, for electricity generation. This entails significant environmental impacts, including the emission of polluting gases that contribute to global warming and affect human health. In this sense, it is essential to promote a culture of conservation and efficient use of electricity within homes and in the various spaces where human activity takes place. Some simple but high-impact environmental practices include unplugging unused electrical appliances, using energy-efficient light bulbs, maximizing natural light, and purchasing appliances with energy-efficient technologies. These actions not only optimize energy consumption and reduce costs, but also directly contribute to reducing environmental pollution and preserving non-renewable natural resources. Furthermore, proper use of electricity contributes to improving people's quality of life by reducing the harmful effects of pollution on public health, creating a healthier and more sustainable environment for present and future generations.