Comparative analysis of occupational safety in the civil construction sector: a systematic review focusing on Ecuador

Abstract

This study analyzes the various manifestations of insecurity and the risk factors to which workers in the civil construction sector are exposed. The research adopts an international approach, considering the labor realities of countries such as Spain, Mexico, Colombia, Peru, and, especially, Ecuador. The methodology employed is qualitative, supported by a systematic review design. This type of scientific study uses original primary research as the unit of analysis, serving as a fundamental tool for compiling and synthesizing existing knowledge, strengthening the validity of conclusions obtained in individual studies, and identifying gaps or areas of uncertainty that require further academic research. Regarding occupational safety in the civil construction sector, despite the marked differences in the socioeconomic and regulatory contexts of the countries analyzed, certain common patterns are evident that can be classified as high, low, or even nonexistent. These findings allow us to extract key elements that contribute to a more comprehensive understanding of the phenomenon. The study's results offer significant insights that can contribute to improving working conditions in Ecuador's civil construction sector, focusing on accident prevention, reducing occupational injuries, and preserving human lives.